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BACKGROUND: Cancer-secreted high mobility group 1 (HMGB1) induces apoptosis of macrophages and suppresses the host anti-cancer immune system. OBJECTIVE: We here examined the effect of HMGB1 on macrophages in the lymph nodes of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS: Regional lymph nodes of 50 Dukes C CRCs were compared with 50 Dukes B CRCs. RESULTS: Dukes C tumors exhibited higher HMGB1 labeling indices and higher HMGB1 concentrations in primary tumors than Dukes B CRCs. Macrophages in the regional lymph nodes were decreased in non-metastasized nodes as well as metastasized nodes in Dukes C cases, whereas macrophage numbers in Dukes B nodes were higher than in Dukes C nodes. Nodal HMGB1 concentration was higher in Dukes C nodes than in Dukes B nodes, being inversely correlated with macrophage numbers. Nodal HMGB1 concentration was correlated with HMGB1 concentration and lymph vessel density in the primary tumors. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that HMGB1 secreted from primary tumors spread to the regional lymph nodes decreases the number of macrophages to attenuate the anti-metastatic defense of the lymph nodes in patients with CRCs.
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Moriwaka et al. (2010) studied this question.
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