An open 2n-D laser parallel synchronization network and its chaos control of multiple states

This paper presents an open laser parallel synchronization network comprising double centers and two chains. The double centers consist of two coupled lasers, while n ( n ∈ N) single lasers are used as n nodes installed in series in one chain and n single-injected lasers are used as n nodes installed in series in another chain. An external light is injected into each node's laser in one chain and a center's laser to enable the closed optical network to be developed into an open optical network. Our study demonstrates that chaos control of each node laser of the network can be achieved via external light injection, and network parallel synchronization can be obtained in two chains. We find the controlled quasi-periodic synchronization regions. When dynamic chaos control of the network is achieved by shifting the external light injection, the network obtains quasi-periodic parallel synchronization in two chains. We provide a bifurcation diagram of the closed network, a bifurcation diagram of the open network, and a bifurcation diagram varying with the external light injection, displaying routes to chaos after passing double-periodic bifurcation through four-period or quasi-period. We find that there are clear, different routes to chaos operated in the closed network and the open network and that external light injection can guide a route away from chaos, while chaos control is achieved in the open network. The results have important reference value for the study of the control and synchronization of optical networks, laser technology, complex systems, and chaos.