Comparison Among Complications of Common Intravenous Anesthetic Drugs During General Anesthesia for Patients Undergoing Surgery in Sulaimani City

Background: A portion of patients exhibit subsequent cognitive impairment, including memory deficits, after undergoing anesthesia. Despite the wide use and long history of anesthesia, the mechanisms of action that cause loss of consciousness and some of the side-effects, such as temporary amnesia, are not understood. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients undergoing surgery in Sulaimani city, and involved 368 patients. Data, in form of questionnaire, have been collected between October 15, 2021 to February 15, 2022. (SPSS) Version 22 was used to analyzed the data. Results: In this study, 185 (50.3%) were males and 183 (49%) were females, respiratory problem in the form of apnea found in (30.3%) of patients who received (propofol, fentanyl, atracurium) compared to (6.4%) of those patients who received (propofol, (ketamine and fentanyl), atracurium) this difference was significant (P-value < 0.001), (30.3%) of patients who received (propofol, fentanyl, atracurium) (5.4%) of patients who received (thiopental, fentanyl, atracurium) and p value (< 0.001). (28.7 %) of patients who received (propofol, fentanyl, atracurium) recovered late compared to (2.3 %) of patients who received (propofol, (ketamine and fentanyl), atracurium) the difference was significant (P-value < 0.001). systolic blood pressure dropped to below 120 mmhg in (64%) patients and diastolic blood pressure dropped to below 80 mmhg in (62.8%) of patients, who received (propofol, (ketamine and fentanyl), atracurium) and compared to systolic blood pressure that dropped to below 120 mmhg in (74.3%) of patients (74.3%) of patients and diastolic blood pressure dropped to below 80 mmhg in (74.3%) of patients who received (Thiopental, fentanyl, atracurium), the differences were significant (P-value < 0.001). Finally, SpO2 level of (24.3%) of patients, who received (Propofol, (ketamine and fentanyl), atracurium), dropped to below 95% while the SpO2 level of (8.2 %) of patients who received (propofol, fentanyl, atracurium), dropped to below 95% whereas the SpO2 level of (74.3%) of patients, who received (Thiopental, fentanyl, atracurium), dropped to below 95%, these differences were significant with (P-value < 0.001). Conclusion: this study concluded that (propofol, fentanyl, atracurium) can cause respiratory problem in the form of apnea and delay recovery more than the other two sets of anesthetic drugs, while (Thiopental, fentanyl, atracurium) have effect on lowering SpO2 level more than the others sets of anesthetic drugs.