Population
Patients undergoing surgery, including those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or being evaluated…
Design
Review
Authors
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Hypercapnia may refine preoperative pulmonary risk stratification; leaves open anesthesia equivalence pending prospective validation.
Preoperative pulmonary evaluation identifies high-risk patients, and preventive measures like smoking cessation and pulmonary toilet can decrease postoperative complications.
Charles V. Jackson (1988) studied this question.
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