Photolithographic patterning of electroactive polymer films and electrochemically modulated optical diffraction gratings

Spatial patterning of electroactive films consisting of redox or π‐conjugated polymers has important implications for the applications of the films, for example in electronic and electro‐optic devices. New methods for photolithographic patterning of electroactive films in the plane parallel to the surface of a substrate are presented and examples are given of electrochemically switchable optical diffraction gratings constructed from such films.