Activity-dependent neural network development

Electrical activity plays a pivotal role in the development of neurons into functional neural networks. Besides changes in synaptic strength, many other processes are activity-dependent. They influence neuronal function and connectivity, on multiple time scales as well as on multiple levels of specificity, both during development and in adulthood. A number of these processes are reviewed, together with some simulation models. Their relevance for the current thinking about neural networks is discussed.