Key result
The dominant EV-71 subgenogroups in Taiwan shifted from B5 to C4 and back to B5 between 2009 and 2012, while the C2-like subgenogroup exhibited distinct antigenic diversity not effectively neutralized by other sera.
Observational (n=961)
The study identifies significant genetic and antigenic shifts in EV-71 subgenogroups in Taiwan from 2009 to 2012, providing crucial data for future vaccine strain selection.
EV-71 subgenogroup shifts and antigenic diversity may affect cross-protection; leaves open optimal vaccine strain selection.
Different subgenogroups of enterovirus 71 (EV-71) have caused numerous outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease worldwide, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. During the development of a vaccine against EV-71, the genetic and antigenic diversities of EV-71 isolates from Taiwan were analyzed by phylogenetic analyses and neutralization tests. The results showed that the dominant genogroups had changed twice, from B to C and from C to B, between 2009 and 2012. The subgenogroup B5 (B5b cluster) was dominant in 2008-2009 but was replaced by subgenogroup C4 in 2010-2011. From the end of 2011 to 2012, the re-emerging subgenogroup B5 (B5c cluster) was identified as the dominant subgenogroup of EV-71 outbreaks, and subgenogroups C2 and C4 were detected in sporadic cases. Interestingly, the amino acid substitution at position 145 in the VP1 gene was observed in some strains isolated from patients with acute flaccid paralysis. Furthermore, thirty-five strains and their corresponding serum samples were used to analyze the cross-protections and antigenic diversities among different subgenogroups (C4a, C5, B4, B5b, B5c, and C2-like) of EV-71. Evident antigenic diversity existed only for the C2-like subgenogroup, which was not effectively neutralized by other serum samples. In contrast, the anti-C2-like serum sample showed broad cross-reactivity against all other subgenogroups. Therefore, these results may provide valuable information for the selection of EV-71 vaccine candidates and the evolution of EV-71 subgenogroups in Taiwan from 2009 to 2012.
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Huang et al. (2013) conducted an observational in Enterovirus 71 infection (n=961). Enterovirus 71 subgenogroups was evaluated. The dominant EV-71 subgenogroups in Taiwan shifted from B5 to C4 and back to B5 between 2009 and 2012, while the C2-like subgenogroup exhibited distinct antigenic diversity not effectively neutralized by other sera.
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