Pulmonary vein anatomy variants as a biomarker of atrial fibrillation – CT angiography evaluation

264 patients, comprising 224 patients with a history of paroxysmal and/or persistent symptomatic non-valvular atrial fibrillation referred for pulmonary vein isolation (mean age 59 ± 9 years, 129 males) and 40 control patients without atrial fibrillation (mean age 45 ± 9 years, 26 males). Exclusion criteria: history of congenital heart diseases, left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVEF < 35%), hemodynamically significant valvular heart diseases, and prior pulmonary vein isolation.

Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) evaluation of pulmonary vein and left atrial anatomy

Control group of 40 patients without atrial fibrillation undergoing MSCT for suspected coronary artery disease and/or aortic disease

Anatomy abnormalities of the pulmonary veins (PV) and left atrium (LA), including PV anatomy variants (additional PV, common ostia, early branching) and diameters of PV ostia and LAsurrogate