Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
A laser thermal stimulator system is described which enables the psychophysical and neurophysiological study of cutaneous thermal and pain sensations by means of a non-contact, precise stimulator. A carbon dioxide laser is used as the heat source with closed loop control of skin temperature via a sophisticated radiometer. Temperature steps of 0.1°C to 25°C have been achieved with rise rates of greater than 30°C/second. The temperature can be maintained to better than ±0.1°C over pulse durations of 0.3 seconds to 20 seconds.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Meyer et al. (1976) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: