Magnetic Loss in Remanent-State Toroids

By characterizing remanent toroids as an assembly of saturated regions, an effective permeability tensor can be obtained that accurately predicts the loss in latching ferrite phase shifters. In this model, low power loss is directly related to the intrinsic linewidth of the material. Different domains experience differing effective bias fields, and this variation of effective field with saturation magnetization seems to accurately account for the observed dependence of threshold power on magnetization through conventional spin-wave arguments.