We have shown that when positively charged trypanosomes are ingested by a tsetse fly, one reversal of the sign of the charge takes place in the gut of the fly and a second reversal in the salivary gland. In the case of negatively charged trypanosomes the only reversal of the sign of the charge occurs in the salivary gland. In both instances the blood trypanosomes produced in rats by the inoculation of infected salivary glands are predominantly positively charged.
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Broom et al. (1939) studied this question.