Experimental study demonstrates high optical density up to 16 in trapped rubidium atoms, indicating enhanced conditions for light-matter interactions.
We report experimental demonstration of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) of Rb atoms with a high optical density. With 2.2-cm-diameter cooling laser beams, we achieve an optical density of nearly 11 for about 2.6 × 10 10 trapped Rb atoms with the beam intensity of about 6.6 mW/cm per beam. The temperature of the cold atoms is about 250 μK. Furthermore, by ramping the magnetic field gradient from 8 G/cm to about 20 G/cm, the atomic cloud in the MOT is compressed and the optical density is up to 16.
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Han et al. (2009) studied this question.
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