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Direct measurements of the diffusion distance of Ē(²E) state excitation by time-resolved degenerate four-wave mixing in ruby are reported. Measurements are made on crystals with Cr³⁺ concentrations varying between 0.05 and 1.55 at.% at 10^∘{}K. In all cases an upper limit of 30 nm is determined for the diffusion distance within the fluorescence lifetime.
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Liao et al. (1979) studied this question.
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