Why the study?
Existing local guidelines were published 10 years ago, prompting the need to review and compare newer international clinical guidelines issued in the past 5 years.
Comparison
ACC vs ESC vs NICE vs APHRS guidelines
Design
Comparative review
Authors
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Outdated Malaysian AF guideline requires renewal; extends prior recommendations with 5 years of new consensus.
This review synthesizes and compares major international guidelines for atrial fibrillation to aid primary care physicians in clinical decision-making.
Jamaluddin et al. (2025) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: