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Ferroelectric domain configurations and other crystal imperfections in tin-modified PZT ceramics were directly observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Specimens in both the unpoled and poled conditions were examined. 90° domain walls appear to predominate, and typical examples are given for both cases. The implications of this direct method for development of ferroelectric devices are outlined.
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Hardiman et al. (1973) studied this question.
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