Cardiac tamponade in an orthotopic liver recipient with pulmonary hypertension*

Objective To describe the clinical, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic findings of cardiac tamponade in a patient with portopulmonary hypertension shortly after orthotropic liver transplantation. Design Case report. Setting Surgical intensive care unit of a university teaching hospital. Patient One patient with portopulmonary hypertension deteriorated progressively after orthotropic liver transplantation and developed cardiogenic shock. Intervention Serial transthoracic echocardiography showed increased right ventricular pressures and pericardial effusion without evidence of cardiac tamponade. Since right ventricular diastolic collapse may not be present in the setting of pulmonary hypertension and her clinical scenario was consistent with tamponade, pericardiocentesis was performed. Measurements and main results There was dramatic improvement of the clinical, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic variables after pericardiocentesis Conclusion Pulmonary hypertension may decrease the predictive accuracy of echocardiographic clues for cardiac tamponade. Pericardiocentesis should be considered with clinical suspicion of cardiac tamponade without classic echocardiographic evidence in portopulmonary hypertension.