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The authors review key parameters and engineering variables influencing biological filtration and identify areas requiring further research. Biological filtration, an important process step for the production of microbially safe and aesthetically pleasing drinking water, has attracted increased attention within the water industry. In many cases, the most economical way to implement biological rapid filtration is to achieve biodegradable organic matter (BOM) removal and particle removal within the same filter unit, i.e., single‐stage biological filtration. This requires optimization of the filtration process, keeping in mind both treatment goals: BOM and particle removal. This article presents a critical review of the key parameters and engineering variables influencing the biological performance, as well as the conventional performance, of biologically active filters. Several areas requiring further research have been identified.
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Urfer et al. (1997) studied this question.
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