Computational linguistic analysis tests decipherment hypotheses for the Phaistos Disc across nine ancient languages, finding weak statistical support for Linear A and rejecting eight alternatives.
The Phaistos Disc (ca. 1700 BCE) carries 241 sign impressions of 45 types arranged in 61 groups. Davis (2018) showed statistically (p = 1-3%) that the Disc and Linear A likely encode the same language but did not assign phonetic values. We complete that step by applying values from the published Daidalika Disc-Linear A signary (G. Owens, TEI Crete; Owens 2007) and testing the resulting reading against nine Bronze Age language hypotheses under a single Monte Carlo framework (100,000 iterations per language, seeded PRNG, uniform and frequency-weighted nulls). Eight hypotheses (Mycenaean Greek, Luwian, West Semitic, Proto-Finno-Ugric, Middle Egyptian, Hurrian, Etruscan, and Hittite via Rasmussen's independent sign values) show no evidence of relationship (uniform p = 0.101-1.000; FW p = 0.895-1.000). Only Minoan/Linear A survives under the uniform null (p = 0.032). The Minoan result does not survive Holm-Bonferroni correction for nine tests (p = 0.286), the FW null (p = 0.706), the alternative phonetic treatment of sign 02 (p = 0.056), or a leave-PD-inspired-out ablation that drops 10 of 34 LA reference entries flagged in the source data as curated against PD parallels (filtered p = 0.261). A uniform circularity control (p = 0.0047) confirms that the specific sign correspondences outperform random reshufflings of the same syllable inventory; a frequency-weighted reshuffling (p = 0.365) reveals that much of the overlap is attributable to frequency correlation. The eight negative verdicts are robust across all controls. The reading also exhibits productive affixation, a -ti suffix pattern (13/61 words), and a complementary qe prefix pattern paralleling known Linear A morphology. All analyses are implemented in an interactive open-source browser workbench enabling full independent replication.
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Shiarhei Shandrokha (2026) studied this question.
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