The Three Differences and the Sense of Being

Ordinary who-directed acts reach someone before thematic identification. This article places that access under controlled pressure in order to distinguish three differences that are often collapsed. A substitution trial, whose methodological antecedent in Chiurazzi is explicitly credited, requires another to take up the same transferable role or manner successfully; the prior own is nevertheless not restored. The result is the lateral difference: this own / another own. A matched outward control discloses ownness and the categorial difference between the positively fulfilled who-HOW and what obtains otherwise, while the held-fixed transferable dossier makes explicit the ontological difference between what obtains and HOW it obtains. The inward and outward routes remain independent and converge without making the lateral difference the ground of either of the others. The argument then asks how plural ways belong to one ontology without a prior positive unifier. It proposes that being has a syncategorematic office and that finite being-talk is temporally deictic: being is the syncategorematic-deictic of times. The composite remains defeasible and does not assign a positive temporal HOW to untried regions. A full reading of Heidegger's GA 24 sharpens the disagreement. Heidegger distinguishes Zeitlichkeit from Temporalität, poses the plurality-and-unity problem of modes, and develops differentiated horizontal schemata. The dispute is therefore not that he simply identifies Dasein's temporality with the temporality of everything. It concerns the jurisdiction and generative office of the route from Zeitlichkeit to Temporalität: regional temporal HOWs cannot receive their positive standing from one antecedently privileged temporal warrant. The article credits that achievement, prints the contrary conditions under which its diagnosis loses, and leaves both the positive ontology of the common and the temporal articulation of untried regions open. Keywords: ontological difference; categorial difference; lateral difference; who; ownness; non-vicariousness; substitution; modality; Heidegger; Zeitlichkeit; Temporalität; deixis; plural temporalisation Version 1.0.1, 16 August 2026. Corrects the typeset rendering only: twenty-eight displayed schemata appeared as unprocessed markup in the v1.0 PDF. The article text is unchanged and the Markdown source is byte-identical to v1.0.