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August 19, 2026Journal of Clinical MedicineOpen Access

Altered Gluteus Maximus and Latissimus Dorsi Activation in Subacromial Impingement Syndrome: Implications for Kinetic Chain Dysfunction

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Authors

NENada M. EmaraSRSohair S. RezkallahOAOsama Abdel‐Raouf

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Overview

Cross-sectional study demonstrates altered gluteal and back muscle activation in young adults with subacromial impingement syndrome, suggesting kinetic-chain dysfunction.

Key Points

  • To investigate surface electromyographic activity of the latissimus dorsi and contralateral gluteus maximus, and to evaluate their associations with pain, disability, and shoulder range of motion in young adults with subacromial impingement syndrome.
  • Assessed 60 sedentary young adults comprising individuals with subacromial impingement syndrome and matched controls in a cross-sectional design.
  • Measured pain using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, disability via the Arabic QuickDASH, range of motion using a twin-axis electrogoniometer, and muscle activity via surface electromyography of the gluteus maximus and latissimus dorsi.
  • Individuals with impingement syndrome showed significantly lower gluteus maximus activity (23.96 ± 3.54% vs 34.49 ± 4.16% MVIC; p = 0.001) and significantly higher latissimus dorsi activity (118.63 ± 24.87% vs 75.52 ± 25.93% MVIC; p = 0.001) compared to controls.
  • The impingement group demonstrated significantly reduced range of motion across all planes (flexion, extension, abduction, and rotation) along with greater pain intensity and disability (p = 0.001 for all).
  • Discriminant logistic regression identified gluteus maximus underactivity and latissimus dorsi overactivity as significant discriminators of impingement status, despite weak, non-significant correlations with clinical outcome scores.

Cite This Study

Emara et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a85638803308d306e2d6cb3https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15166325
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Comparison of Shoulder Rotation Control, Strength, and Range of Motion During Internal and External Rotation in Young Male Adults With and Without Subacromial Impingement Syndrome2026
  2. 2Children and adolescents with all forms of shoulder instability demonstrate differences in their movement and muscle activity patterns when compared to age- and sex-matched controls2024 · 7 citations
  3. 3Does adding cervical mobilization to shoulder mobilization improve pain, sensation, and function in subacromial impingement syndrome? A three-arm randomized controlled trial2026
  4. 4Efficacy of low-level laser therapy for subacromial impingement syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials2026
  5. 5Exploring non-invasive diagnostic tools for deep gluteal syndrome: a multimodal approach integrating clinical and imaging techniques2025