Identification of the major phenolic compounds in Alcea setosa (Boiss.) Alef. and a systematic review of their chemotherapeutic activities

In this study, the aim was to determine potential chemotherapeutic agents with a phenolic structure in Alcea setosa (Boiss.) Alef. plant. In this context, solutions were obtained from various parts of the plant (flowers, leaves, seeds, and stems) using the infusion method with multiple solvents. These solutions were analyzed for phenolic compounds by LC-MS/MS. The major compounds in the plant parts were statistically determined (0.14≤ η2) according to the amount of identified phenolic compounds. As a result of the phytochemical analysis, 12 phenolic compounds were detected in the plant. The major phenolic compounds found in the plant parts were determined as follows: caffeic acid, fumaric acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, naringenin, quercetin, syringic acid, and vanillic acid in the flower part; hydroxycinnamic acid, luteolin, resveratrol, and syringic acid in the leaf part; fumaric acid in the seed part; luteolin in the stem part. In the literature, it was seen that these compounds exhibit chemotherapeutic activity against 19 cancer types (bladder cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia, endometrial cancer, erythroleukemia, gastric cancer, glioblastoma multiforme, liver cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, neuroblastoma, oral cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, promyelocytic leukemia, prostate cancer, skin cancer, thyroid cancer). It can be suggested that, due to the potential chemotherapeutic agents found in the plant's flower, leaf, stem, and seed parts, these parts may serve as good material for future experimental research and drug development studies.