Taxonomic study reveals two new scale worm species within the genus Euarche from coastal marine habitats, highlighting morphological diversity and providing an updated identification key.
Two new species of Euarche Ehlers, 1887 collected in Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, are described and illustrated. In addition, three taxonomic characteristics are examined: the presence of ventral papillae, the presence of dorsal papillae, mouth features and fluorescence. Characteristics such as different papillae shapes on the palps, dorsolateral papillae extending to segment 11, ventral papillae and ventrolateral piriform projections distinguish Euarche papillosa sp. nov. from other species of the genus, including the other two species described from the Brazilian coast, i.e. Euarche tubifex Ehlers, 1887, Euarche rudipalpa (Amaral & Nonato, 1984) and Euarche profunda Ogawa et al. 2026. Euarche anoculata sp. nov. differs from other Euarche species, except Euarche mexicana, by the absence of eyes; however, E. mexicana lacks ventral and dorsal papillae, which are present in E. anoculata sp. nov. Moreover, a dichotomous identification key is provided for all species of the genus.
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Ogawa et al. (2026) studied this question.
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