What question did this study set out to answer?

To characterize concentrations, seasonal variations, sources, and inhalation health risks of PM2.5-bound heavy metals across school environments in two industrially contrasting cities.

August 19, 2026Journal of Applied Toxicology

Characteristics, Sources, and Health Risks of PM2.5‐Bound Heavy Metals in School Environments: A Comparative Study of Two Cities in South China

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Authors

HMHaseeb Tufail MoryaniSun Yat-sen University FWFu WangShenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention YZYang ZhouSun Yat-sen University

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Implication

Observational study reveals low inhalation health risks from PM2.5-bound heavy metals in school environments, highlighting higher relative exposure risks in children.

Key Points

To characterize concentrations, seasonal variations, sources, and inhalation health risks of PM2.5-bound heavy metals across school environments in two industrially contrasting cities.
Collected PM2.5 samples from 20 schools in Guangzhou and Maoming, China, during the summer and winter of 2018.
Quantified concentrations of five heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Evaluated pollution sources and health hazards using the geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, principal component analysis, and cancer and noncancer inhalation risk models.
Copper showed the highest mean concentration (471.19), followed by Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cd, with metal concentrations and anthropogenic enrichment peaking in winter and in Guangzhou (Cu: 27.72; Cd: 27.32).
Hazard quotients and carcinogenic risk values remained below safety thresholds, though children had higher exposure than adults; noncarcinogenic risk was driven by Pb (4.85E-03) and Cu (3.27E-03), while carcinogenic risk was dominated by Cd (7.30E-06) and Ni (2.21E-06).

Cite This Study

Moryani et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8563d703308d306e2d73ae https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70398

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Implication

Observational study reveals low inhalation health risks from PM2.5-bound heavy metals in school environments, highlighting higher relative exposure risks in children.

Characteristics, Sources, and Health Risks of PM2.5‐Bound Heavy Metals in School Environments: A Comparative Study of Two Cities in South China

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Cite This Study

Characteristics, Sources, and Health Risks of PM2.5‐Bound Heavy Metals in School Environments: A Comparative Study of Two Cities in South China

Discussion

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Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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