What does this research mean for the field?

CO2-engineered graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) photocatalysts enhance the antibacterial activity of specific antibiotics, such as ampicillin and cefuroxime, through a light-associated cooperative mechanism. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To synthesize CO2-engineered, metal-free graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysts and evaluate their synergistic antibacterial interactions with conventional antibiotics under visible light.

August 19, 2026Scientific ReportsOpen Access

Boosting the elimination of bacteria via a metal-free LED/visible-light photocatalytic–antibiotic strategy

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Authors

ZPZahra Ahmadi PanahShahid Beheshti University ASAfsaneh ShahbaziShahid Beheshti University MBMehran BijariShahid Beheshti University

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Implication

In vitro study demonstrates enhanced antibacterial activity via metal-free photocatalyst and antibiotic synergy under visible light, suggesting a sustainable disinfection approach.

Key Points

To synthesize CO2-engineered, metal-free graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysts and evaluate their synergistic antibacterial interactions with conventional antibiotics under visible light.
Synthesized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) variants (CN-Air, CN-LF, CN-MF, and CN-HF) through melamine polymerization under controlled CO2 atmospheres.
Assessed photocatalytic antibacterial interactions against eight common antibiotics (gentamicin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, amoxiclav, azithromycin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, tetracycline) using checkerboard assays (fractional inhibitory concentration index [FICI]) and inhibition-zone tests.
CN-LF, synthesized under low CO2 flow, displayed the highest surface area, improved visible-light absorption, and the highest photocatalytic performance among tested variants.
CN-LF exhibited borderline synergy (FICI = 0.5) when paired with ampicillin and cefuroxime, yielding 40% and 200% increases in antibacterial activity, respectively.

Cite This Study

Panah et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8563fe03308d306e2d77db https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-64599-1

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Implication

In vitro study demonstrates enhanced antibacterial activity via metal-free photocatalyst and antibiotic synergy under visible light, suggesting a sustainable disinfection approach.

Boosting the elimination of bacteria via a metal-free LED/visible-light photocatalytic–antibiotic strategy

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

Boosting the elimination of bacteria via a metal-free LED/visible-light photocatalytic–antibiotic strategy

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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