What question did this study set out to answer?

To synthesize an environmentally friendly, non-toxic bio-based polyol from cellulose, citric acid, and glycerin as a sustainable substitute for petrochemical polyols in rigid polyurethane foam.

August 19, 2026ACS Applied Engineering Materials

Synthesis and Characterization of Innovative Polyurethane Foams from Cellulose and Citric Acid-Derived Bio-Based Polyols

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Authors

RGRoyal Guliyev NTNalan Tekin MBMustafa Özgür Bora

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Overview

Experimental study demonstrates enhanced strength and flame retardancy in polyurethane foams using citric acid-derived polyols, indicating a viable eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels.

Key Points

To synthesize an environmentally friendly, non-toxic bio-based polyol from cellulose, citric acid, and glycerin as a sustainable substitute for petrochemical polyols in rigid polyurethane foam.
Synthesized bio-based polyols via the esterification of citric acid, glycerin, and cellulose.
Fabricated rigid polyurethane foams by replacing standard petroleum polyols at 25%, 50%, and 75% levels.
Evaluated foam microstructure, crosslink density, water absorption, flexural strength (three-point bending), thermal stability, and flame retardancy using UL-94 V testing.
The 50% bio-based formulation demonstrated the best overall performance, exhibiting a 166.6% increase in flexural strength compared to standard polyurethane foam.
Water absorption capacity decreased from 748.1% in standard foam to 197.2% and 196.1% at 50% and 75% replacement levels, respectively, with maximum decomposition temperatures reaching 423 °C.
Flame-retardant performance improved with increasing bio-polyol content, meeting the UL-94 V1 standard at 50% replacement and UL-94 V0 at 75% replacement.

Cite This Study

Guliyev et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a85642503308d306e2d7b8f https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaenm.6c00702

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August 19, 2026ACS Applied Engineering Materials

Synthesis and Characterization of Innovative Polyurethane Foams from Cellulose and Citric Acid-Derived Bio-Based Polyols

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Authors

RGRoyal Guliyev NTNalan Tekin MBMustafa Özgür Bora

Discussion

Member takes

Overview

Experimental study demonstrates enhanced strength and flame retardancy in polyurethane foams using citric acid-derived polyols, indicating a viable eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels.

Key Points

To synthesize an environmentally friendly, non-toxic bio-based polyol from cellulose, citric acid, and glycerin as a sustainable substitute for petrochemical polyols in rigid polyurethane foam.
Synthesized bio-based polyols via the esterification of citric acid, glycerin, and cellulose.
Fabricated rigid polyurethane foams by replacing standard petroleum polyols at 25%, 50%, and 75% levels.
Evaluated foam microstructure, crosslink density, water absorption, flexural strength (three-point bending), thermal stability, and flame retardancy using UL-94 V testing.
The 50% bio-based formulation demonstrated the best overall performance, exhibiting a 166.6% increase in flexural strength compared to standard polyurethane foam.
Water absorption capacity decreased from 748.1% in standard foam to 197.2% and 196.1% at 50% and 75% replacement levels, respectively, with maximum decomposition temperatures reaching 423 °C.
Flame-retardant performance improved with increasing bio-polyol content, meeting the UL-94 V1 standard at 50% replacement and UL-94 V0 at 75% replacement.

Cite This Study

Guliyev et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a85642503308d306e2d7b8f https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaenm.6c00702

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