Key result
Damage control surgery principles, including rapid identification, temporary bleeding control, and novel surgical approaches to the axillary and popliteal zones, are proposed for peripheral vascular trauma.
Why the study?
Definitive control of peripheral vascular injuries represents a surgical challenge, particularly in hemodynamically unstable patients, threatening life and limb viability.
Early diagnosis and damage control surgery principles, including temporary shunts or endovascular approaches, are essential for managing peripheral vascular trauma to preserve limb function and perfusion.
Hypothesis-generating for damage control in peripheral vascular trauma; leaves open prospective validation of novel axillary and popliteal approaches.
Peripheral vascular injuries are uncommon in civilian trauma but can threaten the patient's life or the viability of the limb. The definitive control of the vascular injury represents a surgical challenge, especially if the patient is hemodynamically unstable. This article proposes the management of peripheral vascular trauma following damage control surgery principles. It is essential to rapidly identify vascular injury signs and perform temporary bleeding control maneuvers. The surgical approaches according to the anatomical injured region should be selected. We propose two novel approaches to access the axillary and popliteal zones. The priority should be to reestablish limb perfusion via primary repair or damage control techniques (vascular shunt or endovascular approach). Major vascular surgeries should be managed post-operatively in the intensive care unit, which will allow correction of physiological derangement and identification of those developing compartmental syndrome. All permanent or temporary vascular procedures should be followed by a definitive repair within the first 8 hours. An early diagnosis and opportune intervention are fundamental to preserve the function and perfusion of the extremity.
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Herrera et al. (2021) conducted a review in Peripheral vascular trauma. Damage control surgery principles was evaluated. Damage control surgery principles, including rapid identification, temporary bleeding control, and novel surgical approaches to the axillary and popliteal zones, are proposed for peripheral vascular trauma.
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