Key result
Dietary nutrients ameliorated chemotherapy-induced left ventricular dysfunctions and myocardial oxidative stress at varying degrees, though most evidence comes from animal models.
Why the study?
Chemotherapy causes irreversible, frequent cardiotoxicity, and while some nutrients have been reported to diminish related cardiac oxidative damage, available evidence remained unclear and required a rigorous summary.
Does oral intake of dietary nutrients prevent cancer chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in cancer patients and animal models?
Systematic Review (n=57)
Does oral intake of dietary nutrients prevent cancer chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in cancer patients and animal models?
Dietary nutrients show potential in ameliorating chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, primarily based on animal models, highlighting the need for further human studies.
Nutrients may mitigate chemotherapy cardiotoxicity; leaves open clinical translation pending human RCTs.
Introduction: Chemotherapy has significantly improved cancer survival rates at the cost of irreversible and frequent cardiovascular toxicity. As the main dose-dependent adverse effect, cardiotoxic effects not only limit the usage of chemotherapeutic agents, but also cause the high risk of severe poor prognoses for cancer survivors. Therefore, it is of great significance to seek more effective cardioprotective strategies. Some nutrients have been reported to diminish cardiac oxidative damage associated with chemotherapy. However, the currently available evidence is unclear, which requires a rigorous summary. As such, we conducted a systematic review of all available evidence and demonstrated whether nutrients derived from food could prevent cardiotoxicity caused by chemotherapy. Methods: We searched Medline (via PubMed), Embase and the Cochrane Library from inception to Nov 9, 2021 to identify studies reporting dietary nutrients against cancer chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity. We performed descriptive summaries on the included studies, and used forest plots to demonstrate the effects of various dietary nutrients. Results: Fifty-seven eligible studies were identified, involving 53 animal studies carried on rats or mice and four human studies in cancer patients. Seven types of dietary nutrients were recognized including polyphenols (mainly extracted from grapes, grape seeds, and tea), allicin (mainly extracted form garlic), lycopene (mainly extracted from tomatoes), polyunsaturated fatty acids, amino acids (mainly referring to glutamine), coenzyme Q10, and trace elements (mainly referring to zinc and selenium). Dietary nutrients ameliorated left ventricular dysfunctions and myocardial oxidative stress at varying degrees, which were caused by chemotherapy. The overall risk of bias of included studies was at moderate to high risk. Conclusion: https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-3-0015/.
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Zhang et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review in Cancer chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity (n=57). Dietary nutrients vs. Placebo or no intervention (chemotherapy alone) was evaluated on Left ventricular dysfunctions and myocardial oxidative stress. Dietary nutrients ameliorated chemotherapy-induced left ventricular dysfunctions and myocardial oxidative stress at varying degrees, though most evidence comes from animal models.
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