Pharmacological and Traditional Insights into Callicarpa macrophylla: A Comprehensive Review

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Priyangu, also called Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl., is a Verbenaceae family shrub that is extensively found throughout South and Southeast Asia, including India, Nepal, Bhutan and China. This plant is widely used to cure a variety of diseases, including cuts, wounds, rheumatism, diarrhoea, digestive issues and skin conditions. It is a key part of traditional medicine systems including Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani. Its traditional usage has been supported by modern pharmacological research that has established its antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and analgesic effects. The plant’s medical efficacy is attributed to several significant phytoconstituents, including tannins, steroids, flavonoids and inorganic elements like iron and potassium. This review examines the traditional use, phytochemistry, and medicinal potential of C. macrophylla, emphasising the plant’s value as a source of bioactive chemicals and its applicability to contemporary drug discovery. Major Findings: C. macrophylla is a medicinal plant with antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and analgesic properties. Its bioactive compounds, like tannins and flavonoids, show potential for modern drug development.