October 1, 2023Annals of Internal Medicine
Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence in Patients With Transient New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation Detected During Hospitalization for Noncardiac Surgery or Medical Illness
Key result
Transient new-onset atrial fibrillation during hospitalization was associated with a 32.3% rate of recurrent AF at 12 months, compared to 3.0% in matched controls.
Why the study?
AF is often first detected during hospitalization for other reasons, but long-term risks for AF recurrence in these patients remain unclear.
Does transient new-onset atrial fibrillation during hospitalization for noncardiac surgery or medical illness predict recurrent atrial fibrillation at 12 months compared to matched controls?
Population
Patients hospitalized for noncardiac surgery or medical illness with transient new-onset AF and matched controls
Comparison
Transient new-onset AF during hospitalization vs age- and sex-matched controls without AF
Design
Matched cohort study
Follow-up
12 months
Authors
Discussion
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Member takes
Implication
High recurrence risk after transient new-onset AF warrants monitoring; leaves open optimal management strategies pending RCTs.
Study Design
Type
Cohort
Multicenter
Yes
Structured PICO
Does transient new-onset atrial fibrillation during hospitalization for noncardiac surgery or medical illness predict recurrent atrial fibrillation at 12 months compared to matched controls?
P
Population
Patients hospitalized for noncardiac surgery or medical illness with transient new-onset atrial fibrillation, matched with controls without atrial fibrillation, followed for 12 months.
E
Exposure
Transient new-onset atrial fibrillation during hospitalization
C
Comparator
Age- and sex-matched control participants with no history of atrial fibrillation
O
Outcome
Atrial fibrillation lasting at least 30 seconds on the monitor or captured by 12-lead ECG during routine care at 12 months
Main Result
Absolute Event Rate: 32.3% vs 3%
Approximately one-third of patients who develop transient new-onset atrial fibrillation during hospitalization for noncardiac reasons will experience recurrent atrial fibrillation within 1 year, a significantly higher rate than matched controls.
Limitations
- Generalizability is limited
- The study was underpowered to evaluate subgroups and clinical predictors
- Underpowered to evaluate subgroups and clinical predictors
Cite This Study
McIntyre et al. (2023) conducted a cohort in Transient new-onset atrial fibrillation. Transient new-onset atrial fibrillation vs. Matched controls without history of atrial fibrillation was evaluated on Atrial fibrillation lasting at least 30 seconds on the monitor or captured by ECG 12-lead during routine care at 12 months. Transient new-onset atrial fibrillation during hospitalization was associated with a 32.3% rate of recurrent AF at 12 months, compared to 3.0% in matched controls.