Key result
The RF-Heartbeat contactless monitoring system achieved a median inter-beat interval error of 12 ms under a time coverage of 91.2% during 72 hours of testing.
Why the study?
Contactless heartbeat monitoring using FMCW radar faces limitations, including interruption by body movements, non-robust range bin selection, and suboptimal inter-beat interval estimation.
The RF-Heartbeat contactless millimeter-wave FMCW radar system achieved accurate inter-beat interval estimation with a median error of 12 ms, offering a robust solution for long-term heartbeat monitoring.
May enable unobtrusive long-term monitoring; leaves open prospective validation in clinical cohorts.
Heartbeat is a significant vital sign. The past decade has witnessed wireless heartbeat monitoring becoming more and more feasible. As a contactless approach, it can relieve users from wearing sensors. The unique advantages of milimeter-wave frequency-modulated continous-wave (FMCW) radar over other wireless devices draw our attention. However, there are plenty of limitations in related work based on it. Tiny vibration caused by heartbeat could be easily interrupted by body movements (BMs) and so on. Range bin selection methods in existing work are not robust enough. The inter-beat interval (IBI) estimation need to be further improved. We propose RF-Heartbeat, a robust heartbeat monitoring system based on milimeter-wave FMCW radar. RF-Heartbeat has novel signal process modules, including BMs detection method, and optimal range bin selection method, for obtaining a relatively high-quality heartbeat signal. Then, a global optimization model based on a template matching algorithm is implemented for improving IBI estimation accuracy. In the heartbeat monitoring experiment for a total of 72 hours and 56 minutes involving 10 participants, under a time coverage of 91.2%, the median error of IBI was 12 ms. RF-Heartbeat achieves a higher performance than state-of-the-art heartbeat monitoring systems. It has strong robustness to different individuals in different postures and positions. Our work provides effective solutions to some obstacles in practical applications of contactless heartbeat monitoring. It enables accurate and long-term heartbeat monitoring, which has wide applications in clinical space and daily life.
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Hao Zhang (2022) studied Heartbeat monitoring (n=10). RF-Heartbeat (millimeter-wave FMCW radar system) was evaluated on Inter-beat interval (IBI) estimation median error. The RF-Heartbeat contactless monitoring system achieved a median inter-beat interval error of 12 ms under a time coverage of 91.2% during 72 hours of testing.
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