We demonstrate that the reorientation transition from out-of-plane to in-plane magnetization with decreasing temperature as observed experimentally in Ni films on Cu(001) can be explained on a microscopic basis. Using a combination of mean-field theory and perturbation theory, we derive an analytic expression for the temperature-dependent anisotropy. The reduced magnetization in the film surface at finite temperatures plays a crucial role for this transition as with increasing temperature the influence of the uniaxial anisotropies is reduced at the surface and is enhanced inside the film.
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Hucht et al. (1997) studied this question.
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