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The easy axis of magnetization in Ni/Cu(001) films exhibits a crossover from in-plane to perpendicular orientation with increasing film thickness. This reorientation at {}7 monolayers, observed by ferromagnetic resonance, is substantially different from previous findings for Fe and Co films and can be extrapolated from thin-film data. The artificial lattice structure of Ni on Cu yields within magnetoelasticity theory a volume anisotropy of 29 {μ}eV/atom agreeing perfectly with experiment. In thinner films the surface anisotropy of -77 {μ}eV/atom dominates.
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Schulz et al. (1994) studied this question.
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