A waveguide short-slot two-plane coupler is proposed as a component of 2-D beam-switching Butler matrix. The hybrid and cross coupler operations are designed by including the 2-D polarity symmetry, the propagation constant, and the coupling with the ports of the modes in the coupled region. Their designs are confirmed by experiments. The achieved bandwidth is approximately 2%, restricted by the frequency characteristic of the modes in the coupled region. Since the short-slot two-plane hybrid coupler itself acts as the 2 ×2-way 2-D beam-switching Butler matrix, the beam switching is also verified by measurements. The general configuration of the 2-D beam-switching Butler matrix is also proposed by using the short-slot two-plane couplers.
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Kim et al. (2016) studied this question.
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