Ultraviolet light-emitting diodes using MgZnO-coated and bare ZnO nanorod arrays as active layers were manufactured. Both types were exposed to ambient air over a 1-yr period to assess their stability. By monitoring the electroluminescence evolution with air-exposure time and comparing the changes of electroluminescence and x-ray photoelectron spectra before and after vacuum desorption, it is concluded that surface-adsorbed O2 and OH− species, as acceptor and donor surface states, quench ultraviolet electroluminescence, and favor undesirable surface-mediated nonradiative and deep-level recombination. The MgZnO coating prevents surface adsorption, and so the coated nanorod device shows higher efficiency and stability than the uncoated one.
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Liu et al. (2012) studied this question.
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