Un-nitrided material is investigated by TEM in order to identify the different types of precipitates and to determine their respective volume fraction. M23C6 and M4C3 car- bides are reported. Experimental results are confirmed by thermodynamical calculations. The same material is nitrided in industrial conditions and also investigated by TEM. Crystallographic structures and chemical compositions are determined by Selected Area Electron Diffrac- tion (SAED), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS). V-rich carbonitrides, incoherent globular CrN nitrides and semi-coherent CrN nitrides are reported. In both cases, CrN precipitates have the Baker-Nutting orientation relationship with respect to the ferritic matrix. Their size distributions as a function of depth are studied. Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct.
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Locquet et al. (1997) studied this question.
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