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A novel method has been used to synthesize rare earth oxide nanoparticles. Sm and Nd hydride nanoparticles were first produced by a hydrogen plasma−metal reaction. The evaporation rate of Sm is about three times that of Nd. Nd 2 O 3 nanoparticles were then directly synthesized from the passivation of Nd hydride nanoparticles and Sm 2 O 3 nanoparticles with a pure cubic structure from the heat treatment of Sm 3 H 7 nanoparticles at 673 K in air. The morphology and crystal structure of the prepared powders were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Both the Sm 2 O 3 and the Nd 2 O 3 nanoparticles were spherical in shape, with a mean particle diameter of about 40 and 17 nm, respectively. The particle size of the Sm 2 O 3 nanoparticles changed very little after the sintering of the Sm hydride nanoparticles at 473 and 673 K.
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Liu et al. (2003) studied this question.
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