The four horsemen of Islamic science: a critical analysis

This paper critically examines four versions of Islamic science. Of these, only one can be regarded as a viable fusion between Islam and science. Far from being a threat to civilization, Islamic science addresses concerns that are severely lacking in Western science and thus has much to offer to humanity. In contrast to Western science with its lack of moral fibre and the inordinate emphasis given to reductionism, Islamic science takes upon a more holistic human‐centred approach that is grounded in values that promote social justice, public welfare and responsibility towards the environment. The only limitation of Islamic science is that it does not adequately resolve the issue of control in the conduct of science. A truly humanistic science should not be regulated solely by members of the scientific community or the clergy but by all members of society through democratic participation.