What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the global public health burden, clinical outcomes, cultural practices, and therapeutic challenges surrounding snakebite envenoming.

August 20, 2026Open Access

Snake Envenoming Is an Endemic Global Health Challenge

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Systematic review reveals high mortality and treatment barriers in snakebite victims, highlighting the urgent need for accessible antivenom.

To evaluate the global public health burden, clinical outcomes, cultural practices, and therapeutic challenges surrounding snakebite envenoming.
Conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines across 270+ publications published between 2019 and 2026.
Evaluated five core domains: envenoming epidemiology, cultural beliefs and practices, clinical treatments, and public health mitigation strategies.
Global estimates indicate 1.8–2.7 million envenomings and 80,000–140,000 deaths annually, predominantly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and Latin America.
A total of 89% of bitten individuals sought treatment from traditional healers, relying on non-standard remedies such as charcoal, herbs, tourniquets, and black stones.
Significant barriers to the gold-standard antivenom treatment persist due to poor regulatory systems, health policy neglect, and product mismanagement.

Salim Omambia Matagi (2026) studied this question.

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August 20, 2026Open Access

View Full Paper

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Authors

Systematic review reveals high mortality and treatment barriers in snakebite victims, highlighting the urgent need for accessible antivenom.

To evaluate the global public health burden, clinical outcomes, cultural practices, and therapeutic challenges surrounding snakebite envenoming.
Conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines across 270+ publications published between 2019 and 2026.
Evaluated five core domains: envenoming epidemiology, cultural beliefs and practices, clinical treatments, and public health mitigation strategies.
Global estimates indicate 1.8–2.7 million envenomings and 80,000–140,000 deaths annually, predominantly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, South and Southeast Asia, and Latin America.
A total of 89% of bitten individuals sought treatment from traditional healers, relying on non-standard remedies such as charcoal, herbs, tourniquets, and black stones.
Significant barriers to the gold-standard antivenom treatment persist due to poor regulatory systems, health policy neglect, and product mismanagement.

Salim Omambia Matagi (2026) studied this question.

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