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The electrode material in which the sample is excited is an important factor in spectrochemical analysis. While physical differences between carbon and graphite electrodes are found to be slight, a difference in consumption rates in a direct-current arc is observed. Thermal conductivity of the electrode material produces a temperature gradient which, along with arc conditions, determines electrode consumption rates. Selective volatilization of impurity elements as well as intensities of impurity spectral lines are modified by changes in consumption rates.
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Mellichamp et al. (1959) studied this question.
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