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One of longstanding problems in planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) design is its radiation pattern, which degrades when the PIFA is placed too close to the conductive ground. It is demonstrated that the use of electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures will reduce PIFA backward radiation and hence improve its efficiency. The theoretical prediction is verified through measurements with good agreement.
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Zhao et al. (2004) studied this question.
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