Frequency and duration calculations in composite generation and transmission reliability evaluation

The authors present a new methodology for frequency and duration (F&D) assessment in composite generation and transmission reliability evaluation. The F&D indices are obtained from a nonsequential Monte Carlo simulation scheme. Computational effort is reduced by using the Lagrange multipliers associated with the adequacy assessment of each state to identify the boundary wall between failure and success states. The methodology is illustrated in case studies with the IEEE test system and two utility-derived systems. The proposed approach allows the practical application of F&D indices in integrated generation/transmission planning studies.>