The association of triglyceride and glucose index, triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with prehypertension and hypertension in normoglycemic subjects: a large cross-sectional population study

Background Triglyceride and glucose index (TYG) and triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-c) not only were significant association with hypertension, but also were related to prehypertension. However, few of these studies have large subjects to study the relationship between TyG ,TG/HDL and hypertension, prehypertension in the same population. Therefore, We conducted a large cross-sectional study to explore the association of TG/HDL-c, TyG index with prehypertension and hypertension in the same normoglycemic subjects from China, Tianjin . Methods A total of 32,124 adults were eligible for this study. According to the level of blood pressure, the enrolled individuals were divided into three groups, Which were normotension, prehypertension and hypertension. All participants completed a questionnaire, followed by a physical examination and blood sample test. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between TyG index, TG/HDL-c and their related parameters, Multiple Logistic regression analyses were applied to explore the association of TyG indexes and TG/HDL quartiles with prehypertension and hypertension. Results The association between TyG index ,TG/HDL-c and age, heart rate(HR),Body Mass Index(BMI), systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), LDL-cholesterol(LDL-c), fasting glucose(GLU) were positive correlation, while HDL-cholesterol(HDL-c) was negative correlation in spearman correlation analysis(p < 0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, there was a significant difference in the risk of prehypertension and hypertension when comparing the highest TyG index to the lowest TyG index and corresponding ORs were 1.795(1.638,1.968) and 2.439(2.205,2.698), respectively. For TG/HDL-c, the corresponding ORs were 1.514(1.382,1.658) and 1.934(1.751,2.137), respectively. Furthermore, When comparing the fourth quartile to the first quartile of TyG and TG/HDL, respectively, and both corresponding ORs of hypertension were higher than prehypertension. Conclusions Elevated TyG index and TG/HDL-c levels were associated with an increased risk of incident Prehypertension and Hypertension in normoglycemic individuals. They have the potential to become cost-effective and complementary monitors in the hierarchical management of prehypertension and hypertension.