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Nano-embossed hollow spherical (NeHS) TiO2 that features both good light scattering and charge generation shows a very promising performance in high-efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells. A bilayered film structure having the bifunctional NeHS TiO2 particulate film as an overlayer exhibits conversion efficiencies as high as 10.34 % under AM-1.5G one sun light intensity.
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Koo et al. (2007) studied this question.
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