17β-Estradiol at Physiological Concentrations Augments Ca2+-Activated K+ Currents via Estrogen Receptor β in the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuronal Cell Line GT1-7

Estrogens play essential roles in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction. In the present study, we focused on the effects of 17beta-estradiol (E2) on the K(+) currents that regulate neuronal cell excitability and carried out perforated patch-clamp experiments with the GnRH-secreting neuronal cell line GT1-7. We revealed that a 3-d incubation with E2 at physiological concentrations (100 pm to 1 nm) augmented Ca(2+)-activated K(+) [K(Ca)] currents without influencing Ca(2+)-insensitive voltage-gated K(+) currents in GT1-7 cells. Acute application of E2 (1 nm) had no effect on the either type of K(+) current. The augmentation was completely blocked by an estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, ICI-182,780. An ERbeta-selective agonist, 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile, augmented the K(Ca) currents, although an ERalpha-selective agonist, 4,4',4''-[4-propyl-(1H)-pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl]tris-phenol, had no effect. Knockdown of ERbeta by means of RNA interference blocked the effect of E2 on the K(Ca) currents. Furthermore, semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that the levels of BK channel subunit mRNAs for alpha and beta4 were significantly increased by incubating cells with 300 pm E2 for 3 d. In conclusion, E2 at physiological concentrations augments K(Ca) currents through ERbeta in the GT1-7 GnRH neuronal cell line and increases the expression of the BK channel subunit mRNAs, alpha and beta4.