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We propose a new method to align liquid crystals using microgrooves that are fabricated by a stamping process. This rubless alignment method has the advantage of accurate control of the pretilt angle and azimuthal surface anchoring energy by means of changing the surface morphology. In this paper we discuss the control of the pretilt angle and the azimuthal surface anchoring energy in detail.
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Lee et al. (1993) studied this question.
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