Human papilloma virus genotypes associated with cervical cancer in Senegal

Background: Cases of cervical cancer are increasing steadily in sub-Saharan Africa, with over 75,000 new cases and nearly 50,000 deaths a year.In Senegal, pathologies such as cervical cancer are one of the top causes of death and the Human papillomavirus (HPV) is its etiological agent. Methods:The study group was made up of Senegalese women with cervical cancer who came for consultation or hospitalized at the Juliot Curie Center in Le Dantec.Total DNA from the 120 cervical biopsies was extracted using the Qiagen method (Qiagen Tissue Kit).Three methods were used to detect HPV genotypes: SANGER sequencing genotyping (Applied Biosystems), the real-time PCR approach technique (HPV 16 & 18 Real Time PCR kit) and the Chippron genotyping approach (kit HPV) 3.5 LCDArray).Results: In this study, all cervical samples taken from women with histologically confirmed cervical cancer had at least one HPV genotype detected.The most common types of HPV detected in women with one or more HPV infections were HPV 16 (consistently detected in all of our 59 patients), 18 (83%), 45 (33%), 33 (31%), 59 (28%), 35 (12%), 31 (11%), 58 (8%), 39 and 73 (4%), 44, 54 and 68 (3%) and the rest less than 1%.It was also noted that most women were infected with two or more high-risk HPVs (75, 83%), and that the latter were particularly prevalent in patients aged 45 to 55 years. Conclusion:In view of the results obtained in the present study, the use of the new Gardasil-9® vaccine which operates against 9 HPV genotypes (6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58) could provide results effective prevention of cervical cancer in adolescent girls or young Senegalese.