Heat and mass transfer in spouted beds ‐ A review

The considerable literature on spouting which has accumulated since the inception of this fluid‐solid contacting technique fifteen years ago is critically reviewed with reference to heat and mass transfer. The relatively meagre basic data on both surface‐to‐bed and fluid‐to‐particle heat transfer, as well as particle‐to‐fluid mass transfer, are interpreted wherever possible, in the light of understanding gained from more exhaustive information available on the hydrodynamics of the system. Contradicitions are noted and in some cases reconciled. Conclusions are drawn as to the relative merits of various correlations. Design equations for heating or cooling of solids for both batch and continuous systems are formulated and a new theoretical model to describe wall‐to‐bed heat transfer is proposed.