Antibody-free detection of protein phosphorylation using intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of platinum/carbon dot hybrid nanoparticles

Platinum and carbon dot hybrid nanomaterials are prepared for visualized detection of phosphoproteins without the need for antibodies or enzymes. This new strategy can be used for colorimetric detection of phosphoproteins induced by protein kinase as well as protein phosphorylation sites on cell membranes.