A residual group of elderly, immigrant Jews now living in an urban low-income high-crime area were studied. By almost all indices of well-being they were markedly deprived compared to the aged population of the USA or to comparison groups of elderly people in other contexts. The relationship of environmental factors to well-being was explored in relationship to health and demographic factors. Environmental variables had a substantial and unique association with neighborhood motility and interviewers' ratings of vigor, interaction, and responsiveness.
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Lawton et al. (1971) studied this question.