Emerging concepts in the pathogenesis of diabetes in fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes

Fibrocalcific pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) is a rare form of diabetes affecting people in the tropics and presenting with unique clinical and radiological features. The onset of diabetes usually follows the first few episodes of abdominal pain and develops by the second or third decade of life. Endocrine and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, brittle glycemic control, and insulin-requiring, ketosis-resistant diabetes are the novel characteristics of FCPD. The etiopathogenetic mechanisms leading to FCPD remain unknown. Although defects in insulin secretion are the major contributors, growing evidence towards a possible role for insulin resistance and body composition abnormalities have added a new dimension to the disease pathogenesis. Deciphering the key pathogenetic mechanisms may have a profound effect on therapeutic strategies in future studies on FCPD.